Nagharap ang dalawang hukbong at naghanda para sa kanilang laban. Source: Wikimedia Commons. From what I know of tack at the time harsh bits and spurs were used for control and at times the horses were even muzzled so as not to bite (perhaps during training?). Rostam leaves after he impregnates Tahmina and his horse is returned. Join Tessa Gratton and me as we read the Shahnameh by Abolqasem Ferdowsi. 38 No. He manages to impress damage on Rustums armor. lol. Both the heroes make their way into the arena. Best. Kahit na alam ni Sohrab ang pangalan ng kanyang ama, hindi niya alam na si Rostam ang kanyang makakalaban. This way, there is a tough fight between the two warriors each trying to get the better of the other. The reigns of these kings, called shh-s in Persian, extend from the mythical past all the way to the historical moment when Iran, once a mighty empire, finally collapsed. Hence, it is a sign of Iranian culture for both Iranian and non-Iranian communities. I loved the inclusion of the c-section and getting advice from Zals foster mom. Not a portrait, an engraving, or needle work but a silk doll. 10.7596/taksad.v6i1.707. Ang Shanameh (The Epic Of Kings) ay isang epikong nagmula sa panitikan ng Persya na mas kilala ngayon bilang Iran.Ito ay ang pinakamahabang epiko na naisulat ng isang manunnulat lamang. In the fight, Sohrab gains the upper hand. BACKGROUND ON THE TEXT The Shahnameh is structured according to the mythical and historical reign of 50 Persian Kings. All rights reserved. Kung manganganak nang babae is Tahmina, kukunin niya ang alahas at ilalagay ito sa buhok niya. Ever!!! Rustum also points out that Sohrab is like a son to him, without knowing the fact that Sohrab was his actual son. Echoes of these events are preserved in the legends of the Sistn cycle, partly incorporated in the Shahnameh, but once also surviving as independent epics, such as the Garspnma mentioned in the Trikh-e Sistn, and the Ketb al-Sakisarn cited by al-Masudi. If we pass through his incredible longevity in a few incidents such as Haft Khan, we see almost no income in his life that we can not justify with our earthly logic.Rostam, son of Zal, son of Sam, son of Nariman, is from the Garshasb family and his mother, Rudabeh, is the daughter of Mehrab Shah Kaboli. Ngunit ayaw mawala ni Rostam ang magandang reputasyon niya. Then in 1814 James Atkinson translated the story of Rustam & Sohrab in both prose and verse. Speaking of mares, my dim memory of them being preferred was true but that was for the Bedouin who developed and maintained Arabians. Death is the end of the journey. Rostam, as described in the Shahnameh, represents a complete hero in fictional Iran. And so detailed! that is not what I was imagining by the description of saffron petals, mottled red and gold but I can see how thats near what they meant. Aking napagtanto na ang panitikan ng Persya o mas kilala ngayon na Iran ay pinapahalagan ng mabuti ang kanilang Kultura at kasaysayan dahil kung hindi, hindi makakagawa nang ganitong mga epiko kung walang pagababasihan o kung hindi ka inspirado. He is a hero who undergoes mental transformation in various tests. Rostam also revolves the entire heroic period of Shahnameh around his existence. But in the end, he calls him a fool for having challenged him and getting killed by an unknown man. It completely flips the whole this horse is destined for you into this thing that is so special and that you covet? Synopsis: Rudabeh nearly dies giving birth, but with the help of a wizard and the great bird Simorgh, Rostam is born to great acclaim. Gudurz then returned to the camp while Rustum calls his followers and commands them to bring his arms and his shield to take down his opponent. Need to catch up! Click one of our representatives below to chat on WhatsApp or send us email to info@artmag.ir, Artmag.ir Copyright. Artmag.ir Copyright. He then announced that instead of war, there would be a duel. Rostam's task was to conquer the fortress on the summit of Mt Sipand where his great grandfather, Nariman, once besieged it and was slain in the battle. Siavash (in Persian: ) is a major figure in Ferdowsi's epic, the Shahnameh. Or maybe a bit of both? The strike hits Rustum in return and Rustum falls to the ground. He finds his best manifestation in epic heroes, and Rostam, among these epic heroes, must have all the necessary qualities in him. Every heroic epic has all the ideals and aspirations of a people embodied in him, like Achilles in the Iliad of Hamrorama, in the Indian Ramayans. Many rulers had manuscripts created in which their regime took on the . Around the same time, two young men who are driving while drunk and high hit and kill Ali 's parents. Tahmineh comes to visit Rostam. If she has a girl, she is to take the jewel and plait it in the girl's hair. The world was observed as a star. Rustam takes the second way, and leaves alone, he says: I do not want to be arrested except by the judge. The arms most closely associated with him, the lariat and the club, are pre-metallic weapons. The tragedy of Rostam and Sohrab forms part of the 10th-century Persian epic Shahnameh by the Persian poet Ferdowsi. Join Tessa Gratton and me as we read the Shahnameh by Abolqasem Ferdowsi. Chou Rostam was free to walk on eight sabans. Kilala si Sohrab bilang pinaka magaling na mandirigma sa hukbong ng Turan. It tells the tragic story of the heroes Rostam and his son, Sohrab. She also is the first to acknowlege the farr in him (she saw the signs of royal glory). He was sad and could not take his wife with him. We're using the Dick Davis translation (Penguin Classics). Just as they were about to engage in the battle, Perena-Wisa appeared on the battlefront. The Seven Trials of Rostam. Section. As an aside (I can go on forever about horses) I looked very briefly into when this notion of stallions being superior in battle faded in the first part of the 1800s (again this is limited to W. Europe and then US North American notions) and it seems to have a lot to do with the size of cavalry. And perhaps the reason why the Persian kings waited for years to illustrate a copy of the Shahnameh and after a while presented it to other countries, was because they considered it a factor and symbol of Iranian power and culture that was tangible to others. He warns Rustum to take heed lest the people would consider his days concluded. Though Sohrab knows his father' name, he is unaware that the man before him is Rostam. Their domain was Sistan. (Shahnameh, 10). Here he saw the kings daughter, Tamineh, whom he loved for her beauty and wisdom. I, too, was thinking the land was turned to mud by that many horses. But then that ole meanie head Rostam goes and breaks a bunch of horses backs!?! He survives by trickery, and it is not unusual for someone to fall from the sky into the sea and survive. Rudaba was indeed near death when Zl decided to summon the Simurgh, which duly appeared and instructed him upon how to perform a Rostamzad, a Caesarean section, thus saving both Rudaba and the child. Pingback: The Tale of Zal and Rudabeh (Shahnameh Reading Project 7) | I Make Up Worlds, Pingback: The Beginning of the War Between Iran and Turan (Shahnameh Reading Project 9) | I Make Up Worlds, Pingback: The Shahnamah Reading Project 2016, with Tessa Gratton & Kate Elliott | I Make Up Worlds, Pingback: The Tale of Sohrab (Shahnameh Readalong 15) | I Make Up Worlds. The Tahmineh and Rostam episode, as presented in modern text-critical editions of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, is compared vis--vis both the pre-modern scribal interventions in the manuscript tradition of the poem, as well as two oral presentations of the same episode by traditional storytellers (naqqln), as preserved in their prompt-books (tumrs) and in recorded performances from the . Or, haha, maybe they just had all the cast off Arabian stallions. The two armies face each other and prepare for the imminent battle. Sohrab then replies back to Rustum and tells him that it was not an unknown man but Rustum who slew him. He was a son of Kay Kvus, then Shah of Iran, and due to the treason of his stepmother, Sudabeh (with whom he refused to have sex and betray his father), self-exiled himself to Turan where he was killed innocently by order of The . His destiny is not separate from the destiny of human beings, that is, free from some failures.Rostam WarsSeven ReadersThe most amazing story of Rostam's life is his seven readers in Mazandaran. As Sohrab spoke, Rustum gets up and gets hold of his spear. As well as biased people who do not get along well with Iranian culture. TG: At first I was very worried Rudabeh was going to die giving birth to Rostam, in some terrible metaphor about how hes too great and strong for this earth, much less a human womans body. He also has spontaneous wisdom. This meant that one champion from the Persian army and the other from the Tartar army would fight with each other. The milk inside the ottoman's hair owl is holding Nahid and Hoor has two arms on the brave dragon and the fork of the lioness has embraced Sinan with one hand Copal and the other AnnanRostam is such that his two midwives have to breastfeed him, and since he is weaned, he gets five men to eat. His father Zal promised to find a horse worthy of him - one that would be courageous in the midst of battle. This is a limited print run and will sell out fast! And to get even more unpoetical, horses produce a lot of manure. Hassan's favourite story from the Shahnameh was the tale of the archenemies Rostam and Sohrab. Rustum is shattered looking at the proof. In Shahnameh, the life spans of the heroes who are from the generation of Sam Yale (Rostam's grandfather) are described as being very long, and that of Rostam fits this pattern: he has reached the age of six hundred at the time of his death by violence (dying at the hand of his envious half-brother Shaghad, who kills him by throwing him into a well full of poisoned spears). Rostam lives for 400 years; Sohrab is his son. Just as a lions club cannot be held back, Peran-Wisa realized that he could hold back Sohrab and grants him permission to fight a Duel. We pay $$$ and it takes seconds! After Zl's father, Sam learned of his grandchild's birth, he rushed to see Rostam and was overjoyed. He embraces Sohrab and kisses him. B. She protected her foal for his destiny . And almost more than any other book considered by kings except Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni who did not appreciate the sage; have been. The great elephant of Zal is released from prison and because he is afraid that he will destroy others and no one can be equal to him, Rustam takes the wand of Sam's prayer and knocks on his head and kicks him. It tells the story of ancient Persia, beginning in the mythic time of Creation and continuing forward to the Arab-Islamic invasion in the seventh century. I am no girl, to be made pale by words. He also warns him saying that though he was young, yet victory itself was not sure in whose court it would fall in and only even will teach us in tour. "I turn to right and left, in all the earth. He famously wears the zn-i palang or "panther-skin garment": The material surveyed so far proves that the Rustam legend was fully formed and well known in Western Iran by the seventh century AD at the latest and in the Eastern Iranian lands by the early eighth century. Si Rostam na ginawa ang lahat para lng maibalik sa kanya ang kanyang kabayo, ay kilala dahil sa kanyang magandang reputasyon at si Sohrab naman ang anak ni Rostam ay kilala bilang isang mahusay na mandirigma. Rustum finds it difficult to swallow the fact that the same person who is dying in front of him was his own son. Join Tessa Gratton and me as we read the Shahnameh by Abolqasem Ferdowsi. (2017). Ebrahimi, Mokhtar & Taheri, Abdollah. The reception history of this story is fascinating. An entire section devoted to choosing a horse? He is a man with flesh and blood and bones, with human weaknesses and abilities, he does not even have a body. Above everything else, he wants to find his father whom he has never seen, the incomparable Rustum, invincible chieftain of the Persians. One day Rustum was an honored guest at the kings palace in a faraway city. They didnt maintain stud books as all their great lines were traced through the mares (womb books?) He then tames his legendary stallion, Rakhsh. In the novel, The Kite Runner, references are made to the Persian epic, the Shahnameh, which Amir would read to Hassan. In any case, mares are the most distracting thing to a stallion and if everyone was using stallions then training and control probably took care of most problems. The monumental poem of the Persian poet Ferdowsi, the Shahnameh or Book of Kings, which was completed by this poet in the year 1010 CE, is a massive retelling of the lives and times of 50 kings of Iran. Because Kavous is caught in Mazandaran, Zal sends Rostam to rescue him and tells him that there are two ways to get there, one is a long and safe way and the other is a short and dangerous way. So cool for that to be an aspect of the birth. and their war mares were considered priceless. He also tells him that he pities his mother who in ader-baijan dwells who with her father, who grows grey with age, and rules over the valiant Kurds camp. Before he leaves, he gives her two tokens. Ito ang kaunaunahan kong nabasang epiko mula sa panitikan ng Persya at maari kong masabi na ito ay isang magandang epiko kung babasahin niyo ang buong kwento. Buy me a coffee: https://ko-fi.com/fictionbeast**NEW VIDEO** 10 things I love about Ferdowsi Shahnameh: https://youtu.be/cuEGVSiybFEFerdowsi's Shahnameh, a t. (I read this in a book and gave it a big side-eye). The "ruler chicken" comes and orders that Rudabeh be intoxicated with intoxicating extract, and that his side be cut open, and that the child be taken out of his side.Simorgh predicts the following about the child: From this cypress, one lion is on the skill of a lion, you do not want the soil to fall on him, he does not care, his head is turned upside down, and his song becomes a leopard war leather. Sohrab shows the armband amulet that Rostam once gave Tahmina, who gave it to her son to keep him safe during the war. Rustam's storiesSimorgh's Javanese power will be called for help soon: When a child is born, Zal, desperate to free Rudabeh from the unbearable pains of childbirth, burns Simorgh feathers. The Tragedy in the Story of Rostam and Sohrab in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. While the narrative of the Shahname is the definitive work on Rostam, Ferdowsi did not invent the character; Rostam stories were popular as far back as the seventh century in Pars and originated much earlier, likely in Eastern Iranian-speaking territories. Your online site for school work help and homework help. Structure and Context of the Shahnameh. While not free from human weaknesses, he has all the qualities of an ideal man. Rustum was disappointed for he had hoped for a brave son, but he sent five jewels for the child bade the mother take good care of her. Start an Essay Sohrab (SOH-rahb), the champion of the Tartar army.Little more than a boy but the mightiest warrior of the Tartar hosts, Sohrab, restless and dissatisfied, seeks Rustum, a Persian . This journey is called "Rostam's Seven Quests". He once demonstrated his skills to Emperor Manuchehr to seek his approval to marry his lover Rudaba. Man's urge and effort for a better life, for the path to the exaltation of victory and destruction and ugliness. He lives both high and prosperous, and as far as an earthly human being can dominate the mighty nature, he becomes, at the same time, because he is human. Paul, we skipped a week so it was easy to lose track. He gives the good news to Zal [1] that he will soon have a son who will be the power of an elephant on top of one head and this child will be born not in the usual way but by splitting the side. But Rostam's legend precedes him and the Turan army cowers before the hero. Source: Wikimedia Commons. 80] . This is why I write. Lumaki si Sohrab kagaya ng kanyang amang si Rustam. After some time, Tamineh gave birth to a lovely boy who smiled at the world from the moment he came to it; and so they called him Sohrab, or the child of smiles. The poem begins with the scene where the two powerful armies of the Tartars and the Persians are encamped along the banks of the Oxus River. Kate: Its been a few years since I was reading about this, but I think most knights in the Middle Ages Europe, if they could afford the full armor and were dressed up to show off as royal guards WOULD have used stallions, bc that was the mark of status and also strength. The great shadow of a gathered army darkening the ground? In tragedy, usually one person (hero) is in the center of . She goes into his room at night and asks if he will give her a child and in return, she will bring his horse. "Rostam Kills a Dragon". Rustum rebukes this statement and tells that, The mighty Rustum never had a son. Rostam is the most iconic figure in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and consequently, the most important mythical one of Persian literature. Short summary describing this character. That did make me curious about Roman cavalry though which I thought was fairly large (sometimes up to 600 horses? The etymology of Rostam's name is from Common Iranian "*rautas-taxma-, "'river-strong', i.e. When Rostam single-handedly slew a mad elephant, his father sent him on his first military assignment. Nagtungo sila sa kagubatan malapit sa Turan at malapit din sa . Dappling is something that many horses do in Spring and maintain through Summer. Interestingly, these were all oral records and each different well-reputed strains genealogy would be recited along with stories about the most important feats of particular war mares. Nine months later, she bears his childa son, whom she later names Sohrab. : One of the children was sewn from silk on top of that uneaten milk. TG: This was a nice, short episode to dig into, and I was most struck at what an important role the mare had. Sohrab and Rustum, epic poem in blank verse by Matthew Arnold, published in 1853 in his collection Poems. A fact borne in on me these days is that grass type affects manure production. Rustum tells this because he feels pity for the youth-hood of Sohrab. Therefore he refuses to take part in the battle. According to the Shahnameh (the tenth-century Book of Kings ), this titan, magnificent in strength and courage, bestrode Persia for 500 years. This statue shows the childlike awe of Rostam. Publisher's Summary Rostam is Iran's greatest mythological hero, a Persian Hercules, magnificent in strength and courage. . Now, The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Ramaya are two of the most well-known epics from early Mesopotamian culture that date back to early examples of bravery. She admires Rostam and knows of his reputation. Till now both the warriors have no idea that they are related to each other. Abstract. He then invites him to give his best in the fight and not to hold back. Fight, let me hear . TG: This was a nice, short episode to dig into, and I was most struck at what an important role the mare had. He undertakes a heroic journey to save his sovereign, the over-confident Kay Kvus who is captured by the Divs of Mazandaran. And this is what the reader wants and Ferdowsi was very aware of it. The mother regains her complete health by using the potions prescribed by Simorgh and rubbing the legendary bird on the wound.The face and character of a heroThe first time Sam visits Rustam, who is no more than eight years old, he sees a young man " between a pen, chest and snow" and " his time was Choran Hyunan Stabr" Afrasiab, in the first war, because Rustam's hand is released, he describes him to his father Peshang as follows: A ride arose from behind Sam, whose hands are named after RustamBe like the whale of the enemy that you said would burn the world to the tailYou said that they made it out of iron and turned it into stone.Rostam has been described by different people, sometimes ugly and sometimes beautiful.How is Rustam a man?We said that in the ancient civilization of Iran, Rostam is a perfect hero. I really could talk about horses forever but as Im sure is obvious from my patchwork of historical info above, my knowledge is mostly just modern horse stuff. And this lies in both Ferdowsi's expression and its mythological narratives. He reminds him that Boy as I am. 34 No. Apr 15, 2016. Naniniwala ako na ang kwentong ito ay tumutukoy sa kung ano ang mas mahalaga/mas pipiliin ng tao reputasyon nga ba o kaya't ang pagmamahal sa iyong pamilya at posible din na ang kwento ay tumutukoy sa maayos na pagpili at pagdedesisyon. He also reveals that Rustum was never informed that he had a son. So, coming back to our reading obviously the Persians were fine with stallions but hasnt it also been mentioned that they have Turkish and Arab horses? Synopsis: Rudabeh nearly dies giving birth, but with the help of a wizard and the great bird Simorgh, Rostam is born to great acclaim. To show off that they were all ace horsemen? Then "the breath departed from out her body, and her spirit went forth after Sohrab her son."[2][1]. *Shahnameh: The Epic of the Persian Kings *The Seven Trials of Rostam *Song of the North - Art & Story ORDER THE SET. A survey of impact of Shahnameh on modern and contemporary art of Iran By Akram Ahmadi Tavana Foreword by Dr. Firuza Melville Director of Research, Shahnameh Centre . The Seven Labors of Rostam. Ones mind wanders to irrelevant math when picking out paddocks, I guess. Ruksh, the same horse given by Tamineh to Rustum comes on the scene. The price of the horse was, as youve both stated, awesome! The hosts were ready to engage themselves in the war. Nearly four centuries after the Arab conquest, the "Shahnameh" tells the story of pre-Islamic Iranwhen Persian civilization was at its zenith. Wow. Shahnameh (The Epic of Kings) BUOD. Were using the Dick Davis translation (Penguin Classics). . I would expect the land turns black to refer to the destruction of any plant lifethat is, the land turned to mud. Today's portion: Rostam and His Horse Rakhsh. Stallions are a lot of work and trouble and once cavalry became quite large the economics of all stallion units were no longer feasible, I guess. The poem is an account of Sohrab's search for his father, who disappeared years earlier. Popular story-tellers change the tryst between Rostam and Tahmina, who share a bed without being married, and with the girl taking the initiative . Tamineh was afraid for Rustum will be proud of such a son and take him from her. Rostam, as described in the Shahnameh, represents a complete hero in fictional Iran. With this conversation, the two great heroes fight for the honor of their kingdom. Previously: Introduction, The First Kings, The Demon King Zahhak, Feraydun and His Three Sons, The Story of Iraj, The Vengeance of Manuchehr, Sam & The Simorgh, The Tale of Zal and Rudabeh, Rostam, the Son of Zal-Dastan, The Beginning of the War Between Iran and Turan. . Rostam or Rustam is the most celebrated legendary hero in Shahnameh and Iranian mythology. Today's portion: Rostam, The Son of Zal-Dastan. , TG Happy to supply horse facts. The tales of Shahnameh, to a great extent, deal with the adventure of Rostam including The Seven Trials of Rostam (HaftKhan-e-Rostam), The Tragedy of Rostam and Sohrab, The Battle of Rostam and Esfandyr, The Tale of Rostam and his half-brother Shaghad. Were using the Dick Davis translation (Penguin Classics). As recounted in the tenth-century "Book of Kings" (Shahnameh) by the poet Ferdowsi, he was an indomitable force in ancient Persia for 500 years, undergoing many trials of combat, cunning and endurance. One of them became free. He was a legendary Persian prince from the earliest days of the Persian Empire. Doon nakilala ni Rostam ang princesang si Tahmina. And in no other book has human thought entered the transcendental boundaries of the Iranian imaginary world.Everything that tests the Iranian hero and even his enemy, is collected in the highest and most dangerous form possible in this weighty book. Chapter 4 opens with the back story of Ali, who was orphaned and welcomed into the home of Amir's grandfather, a respected judge. hero Rostam. Summary. He tells him come, sit beside me on this sand, and take my cheeks and wash then with thy tears and say My Son. Nov 29, 2022. The death of Rostam. He loosened his belt and then removes the armor and shows him the seal which was given to him by his mother. Join Tessa Gratton and me as we read the Shahnameh by Abolqasem Ferdowsi. Previously: Introduction, The First Kings, The Demon King Zahhak, Feraydun and His Three Sons, The Story of Iraj, The Vengeance of Manuchehr, Sam & The Simorgh, The Tale of Zal and Rudabeh. He manages to impress damage on Rustums armor. The second half of the Shahnameh begins with the story of a king who, instead of being descended from the Persian royal lineage, came from the Rumi (foreigners in this case the Greeks) and conquered first Egypt, then Persia. Pumupunta si Tahmina sa kwarto ni Rostam tuwing gabi at nagtatanong kung bibigyan siya nito ng anak at bilang kapalit ay ibabalik niya ang kabayo nito. [8], Two Persian heroes, Rostam and Esfandiyr, share stories with the Labours of Hercules. However, his physical and mental strength overcomes the events. This one on a webpage through the British Library. Rostam did not recognise his own son, although Sohrab had suspicions that Rostam . Rostam lives for 400 years; Sohrab is his son. He believes that nothing like him has been found in the Iranian national epic. 2015 -2022. Its author was Abu Al-Qasim Firdausi. Ang kanyang gawa ay kinikilala na pinaka maimpluwensiyang akda sa panitikan ng Persiya. So heres a thing that interests me: Manuchehr clearly did not support the marriage between Zal and Rudabeh because of her dicey ancestry. Perhaps in no historical period of Iran has a book been more illustrated than the Shahnameh. Rama is honest, straightforward and he was professionally trained by elderly wise men that knew righteousness. He finds his best manifestation in epic heroes, and Rostam, among . KE From what Ive seen regarding horse use in the past its as Tessa said. Just as famous as Rostam was his horse Rakhsh, which had an incredibly long life like Rostam, due to divine protection, and died at the same time as Rostam. One of them became free. Sa paghahanap ng kanyang kabayo, nakapasok siya sa isang kaharian ng Samangan kung saan naging bisita siya ng hari habang hinahanap niya ang kanyang kabayong nawawala. In this article, we first examine Rostam's character and his place in Iranian mythological thought, and especially his role in "Shahnameh". Kaya't inihanda niya ang kabayong si Rakhsh at ang kanyang buslo ng mga palaso. What an interesting way to share baby pictures. [1], Rostam lived in Zabulistan, hero and one of the favorites of King Kaykavous. The Shahnameh: Sekandar and the Succession. Sohrab strikes Rustums Helm (helmet) with his sword. Sohrab is the youthful champion of the Tartars. When he grew to nine years, he could fight and ride better than any grown man in that land. And Rostam is the embodiment of the perfect Iranian man who has encounters and challenges with mythical creatures such as dragons and demons.Shahnameh, as the history of Iranian painting has shown, is the most pictorial and well-paid literary narrative that has a significant and exemplary place in the way of expressing space, pages, human and even animal figures, colors and descriptions of mythical creatures.Both the narrations of Ferdowsi and the pictorial payments of Iranian painters during this millennium (almost most of the famous painters of Iran); One of the golden leaves of their life was the illustration of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh.Shahnameh is our historical book, Iranians. In Shahnameh's version of the tale although Rostam emerges victorious for the time being he agrees to raise Esfandiyar's son who is quite prominently named Bahman (Vohuman, Good Thought). My favorite part of this piece, though, was the line the price of this horse is Iran itself. The horse is quite literally priceless, but also costs a very important promise.

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